Introduction

This experiment demonstrates the use of the CD4013 flip-flop IC to toggle an LED on and off with each clock pulse.

Materials Required

• CD4013 Flip-Flop IC
• LED
• Resistors
• Clock Pulse Source
• Breadboard and jumper wires

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Circuit Diagram

The CD4013 flip-flop is configured in a T-type flip-flop mode to toggle the state of the LED with each clock pulse.

Steps for the Experiment

1. Assemble the CD4013 IC in the T-type flip-flop configuration.
2. Provide a clock pulse to the clock input of the flip-flop.
3. Connect the Q output to the LED.
4. Observe the LED toggle on and off with each clock pulse.

Explanation

The flip-flop toggles its output state with each clock pulse, which turns the LED on and off alternately.

Results and Observations

• The LED should toggle on and off with each clock pulse.