Protection Against Voltage Surges in Power Supplies

Voltage surge protection is crucial for preventing damage to sensitive components in power supplies. Below are some common methods:

1. Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) Diodes

TVS diodes respond rapidly to voltage spikes, clamping voltage to a safe level to protect components from surges.

2. Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs)

MOVs absorb excess energy during voltage spikes, diverting it from critical parts of the circuit. They’re common in AC power supplies.

3. Gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs)

GDTs can handle high-energy surges by creating a low-resistance path to ground. Often used with other components for extra protection.

4. Surge Protection Devices (SPDs)

SPDs combine protective elements like MOVs and GDTs in a single unit to shield power supplies effectively.

5. Filters and Inductors

Filters and inductors help reduce voltage surges by filtering high-frequency spikes from power lines.